PLANTING INSTRUCTIONS

Calabrese broccoli, known for its large green heads and tender stalks, is a popular choice for home gardeners. This cool-season crop thrives in moderate climates and can be harvested multiple times, providing a bountiful yield. With the right care and attention, you can enjoy fresh, homegrown Calabrese broccoli throughout the growing season.

• Best Time to Plant:

  Calabrese broccoli prefers cooler temperatures and should be planted in early spring or late summer for a fall harvest. In most regions, sow seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date, or directly in the garden 2-4 weeks before the last frost for spring planting. For a fall harvest, plant seeds in mid to late summer.

• Soil Type:

  Broccoli thrives in well-drained, fertile soil rich in organic matter. Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Before planting, amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to enhance fertility and improve soil structure.

• Spacing:

  Proper spacing ensures healthy growth and ample room for the heads to develop. Sow seeds or transplant seedlings 18-24 inches (45-60 cm) apart in rows that are 24-36 inches (60-90 cm) apart. Thin seedlings to the recommended spacing once they have a few sets of true leaves.

CARE TIPS

• Watering:

  Consistent moisture is crucial for growing healthy broccoli. Water the plants deeply and regularly, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged. Aim for about 1-1.5 inches (2.5-4 cm) of water per week, adjusting for rainfall. Mulching around the plants can help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.

• Fertilizing:

  Broccoli is a heavy feeder and benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced fertilizer, such as 10-10-10, at planting time and then every 3-4 weeks throughout the growing season. Alternatively, side-dress with compost or organic fertilizers to provide a steady nutrient supply.

• Pruning:

  Pruning is not typically necessary for broccoli, but removing yellowing or damaged leaves can improve airflow and reduce disease risk. After the main head is harvested, the plant will produce side shoots that can also be harvested.

HARVESTING

• When to Harvest:

  Calabrese broccoli is usually ready to harvest 60-100 days after planting, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Harvest the main head when it is fully developed but before the individual flower buds begin to open. The heads should be firm and compact, with a deep green color.

• How to Harvest:

  Use a sharp knife or pruners to cut the main head from the plant, leaving about 6 inches (15 cm) of the stalk attached. After the main head is harvested, the plant will produce smaller side shoots that can be harvested in the same manner. Regular harvesting of side shoots encourages further production.

TROUBLESHOOTING

• Common Issues:

  •Aphids: Small, soft-bodied insects that cluster on the undersides of leaves, sucking plant juices and causing stunted growth.

  •Cabbage Worms: Green caterpillars that chew holes in leaves and can damage developing heads.

  •Downy Mildew: Fungal disease causing yellow patches on leaves, which eventually turn brown and die.

• Solutions:

  •Aphids: Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control aphid populations. Encourage beneficial insects, such as ladybugs, which prey on aphids.

  •Cabbage Worms: Inspect plants regularly and handpick worms. Use floating row covers to protect young plants, and apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) if infestations are severe.

  •Downy Mildew: Ensure proper spacing for good air circulation and avoid overhead watering. Apply fungicides if necessary and remove affected plant debris.